The 16th meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP16) of the Convention on Biological Diversity "will fail even if they militarize the city with gringos (Americans)," the EMC armed group wrote in a message on X addressed to President Gustavo Petro.
The warning came on the same day as the military vowed to clamp down on an EMC faction that recently walked out of peace talks with the government.
The EMC, or Central General Staff, is a group of dissidents that rejected the peace deal signed in 2016 by the FARC guerrilla movement, which subsequently disarmed.
Some 3,500 EMC are estimated to remain in arms and are involved in the drug trade and illegal mining, as well as fighting both the military and groups competing for trafficking routes and territory.
They are particularly active in the departments of Valle del Cauca, of which Cali is the capital, and Cauca -- both in the main coca-growing southwestern region of the nation, which is the world's largest cocaine producer.
COP16 host Cali, associated with a particularly violent chapter of Colombia's deadly drug conflict, has been facing a new wave of brutality as it prepares to host the October 21 - November 2 COP meeting.
The event hopes to attract some 12,000 delegates and exhibitors, as well as heads of state, to one of the world's most biodiverse countries.
Security is set to be handled by the Colombian government and the UN.
But a recent spate of bombings and gun attacks blamed on the EMC has local authorities on edge, with plans to deploy 12,000 police and soldiers to secure the gathering -- double the number on the ground there today.
- Ceasefire with some -
Being granted COP16 host status was a major coup for Petro, Colombia's first-ever leftist president who campaigned on an ambitious conservation and climate change program.
But the EMC in its message Tuesday accused him of overseeing "civic-military plans disguised as development actions" in areas under its influence.
Petro has seen his quest to achieve "total peace" in a nation struggling to emerge from decades of armed conflict bogged down in complicated negotiations with a variety of armed groups.
The EMC recently split into supporters of Petro's peace efforts and opponents led by a man known as Ivan Mordisco, who commands an estimated 2,000 men.
Earlier Tuesday, Colombian armed forces chief Admiral Francisco Cubides vowed to "neutralize all those individuals who do not accept the peace process," in an allusion to Mordisco's forces.
Defense Minister Ivan Velasquez, meanwhile, said a ceasefire with the rest of the EMC would be extended by three months.
UN figures in 2022 showed the Valle del Cauca and Cauca departments were home to almost 29,000 hectares (71,700 acres) of cultivated coca leaf -- the active ingredient in cocaine and a major source of funding for the fighters.
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